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Q1 Mercury melts at -39°C and boils at 357°C. Alcohol melts at -115°C and boils at 78°C. At which temperature are both substances in liquid state?

Q2 The diagram below shows the melting and boiling points of four different substances. Which substance can exist as a solid at 0°C and a liquid at 1400°C?

Q3 The table below shows the melting point and boiling point of three liquids. Which liquid is most suitable to be used in a thermometer for measuring a temperature range of -10°C to 95°C?

Q4 Liquid-in-glass thermometer operates based on

Q5 A liquid in a thermometer is used to measure a change in temperature. Which of the following is true of the change in properties of the liquid?

Q6 A clinical thermometer is inserted into the mouth of a patient. Why does the doctor need to wait for about a minute before taking the thermometer out of the mouth to read the temperature?

Q7 Which of the following properties of materials is not desirable for liquid-in-glass thermometers?

Q8 What is the reason for the constriction in a clinical thermometer?

Q9 What makes a clinical thermometer suitable for measuring small changes in body temperature?

Q10 The figures below show three mercury thermometers A, B and C, which are identical in every aspect except that B has a bigger bulb and C has a smaller bore capillary tube. Which of the following correctly describes the range and sensitivity?

Q11 In order to make a mercury-in-glass thermometer more accurate over a narrower range of temperature, we require

Q12 The diagram shows a clinical thermometer. Which factor affects the sensitivity of the thermometer?

Q13 What is ice point ?

Q14 What is an essential requirement for a thermometer, which depends on a particular thermometric property, to measure a particular temperature range?

Q15 To calibrate a thermometer, without using another thermometer, fixed points are required. Which statement is correct?

Q16 A student is given a thermometer that reads -1°C for the lower fixed point and 99°C for the upper fixed point. Which of the following describes the temperature recorded by the thermometer before and after heating and the temperature difference?

Q17 The mercury thread in a thermometer stands at the 5 °C mark at ice-point and at the 95 °C mark at the steam-point. What will be its reading when placed in contact with a body of temperature of 40 °C?

Q18 The distance between the 10°C mark and the 90°C mark on a mercury thermometer is 25 cm when the mercury level is 5 cm below the 90°C the temperature is approximately

Q19 A student using an unmarked liquid-in-glass thermometer puts the bulb into melting ice, then into steam above boiling water and finally into sea-water. The liquid levels are shown on the diagram. What is the approximate temperature of the seawater?

Q20 The resistance of a piece of platinum wire in pure melting ice is 800 Ω. The resistance of the wire in steam is 910 Ω. What would be the temperature when the wire has a resistance of 1000 Ω?

Q21 A thermocouple indicates 0.1mV at ice point and 2.6mV at 500 °C. What will be the temperature when the thermocouple indicates 3.0mV?

Q22 The length of mercury in the bore of a thermometer is 5.0 cm at 0 °C and 11.0 cm at 60 °C. What is the length in the bore when the temperature is –10 °C?

Q23 Which of the following can be used to measure accurately the fluctuating temperature of hot flowing water in a water pipe?

Q24 A thermocouple is able to respond quickly to temperature changes because its junction

Q25 Which instrument has a low heat capacity which makes it suitable for measuring a rapidly changing temperature?

Q26 A cup is filled with 0.5 kg of water at a temperature of 50 °C and a bath tub is filled with 50 kg of water at 30°C. Which of the following is false?

Q27 Three glasses of water of the same mass are placed side by side touching each other as shown. Given that the glass A is 30°C, glass B is 40°C and glass C is 50°C, which of the following is true?

Q28 Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Q29 Which of the following statements is/are always correct about two objects of the same material in thermal contact?

Q30 In general, the land cools down faster than the sea at night because

Q31 Two blocks, X and Y, are made of the same metal and are heated by heaters with the same power rating. The graph below shows the variation of temperature with time.

Q32 When equal masses of water and paraffin are heated at the same rate, the temperature of the paraffin rises faster because paraffin has

Q33 Two blocks of copper, R and S, each receive the same amount of heat. The mass of R is twice that of S. What statement(s) about R and S is/are correct?

Q34 The characteristic of certain cooking pots is that when they are removed from the source of heat, the contents may continue to boil for a long time. The explanation for this effect is that

Q35 Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Q36 Which of the following is true?

The heat capacity equation

Q37 What is the definition of heat capacity?

Q38 Wind is blowing across a cup of hot tea. Determine the time necessary to cool the cup of tea to 55 °C.

Q39 The specific heat capacity of a liquid is measured by immersing a heating coil in a beaker of the liquid. The value calculated for the specific heat capacity of the liquid will be lower than the correct value if

Q40 An immersion heater connected to a kilowatt-hour meter is used to supply heat to 4.0 kg of oil. The initial reading of the kilowatt-hour meter is 10.95 kWh. After heating, the meter reads 11.03 kWh. Find the rise in temperature of the oil.

Q41 Which of the following objects has the biggest temperature increase if 54 000J is supplied to each?

Q42 When a 2.0 kg block of metal at 600°C is immersed in water at its boiling point (100°C), 0.4 kg of steam is produced. The specific heat capacity of the metal is

Q43 An object A has a mass m kg and specific heat capacity C J kg-1 K-1 and temperature = 60°C. An object B has a mass of 2m kg and specific heat capacity 2C kg-1 K-1 and temperature = 30°C. What will be the final temperature reached?

Q44 In an experiment to find the specific heat capacity of a metal, it is found that 5200 J is needed to raise the temperature of a 2 kg block by 20 °C. What value for the specific heat capacity is given by these results?

Q45 The copper blocks X and Y have masses Mx and My respectively. In an experiment the blocks are heated. The results in the experiment shown in the table below. What is the value of Mx/My?

Q46 A piece of lead is allowed to fall to the ground and as a result of its impact, its temperature rises. The final temperature of the lead depends on each of the following except

Q47 An air gun pellet, mass m and specific heat capacity c, hits a steel plate at speed v. During the impact, 50 % of the pellet’s kinetic energy is converted to thermal energy in the pellet. What is the rise in temperature of the pellet?

Q48 Substances can change from one state to another as shown. Which changes involve the substance taking in energy and which changes involve the substance giving out energy?

Q49 During the process of melting, [which of the following happens?]

Q50 When steel melts, [which of the following happens?]

Q51 A hot liquid is poured into a beaker. The graph shows how its temperature changes as it cools towards room temperature. Which processes are taking place at region X?

Q52 A piece of ice is being heated to water and then to steam. Which of the following statements is true?

Q53 A gas is being cooled to solid state. Its temperature will remain constant when the substance is

Q54 Some ice cubes are taken from a deep-freeze and placed in a metal container. The container is heated at a constant rate and readings of temperature and time are taken. The results are recorded on a graph. Which temperature corresponds to 0 °C?

Q55 Ice is taken from a freezer and left in a room. The ice melts and eventually the water reaches room temperature. Which energy transfers take place?

Q56 A substance that is originally a solid is heated strongly for some time. At one stage, the energy given to the substance is used as latent heat of vaporisation. At this stage, what change does the energy cause?

Q57 A solid substance is placed in a boiling tube and heated steadily. The temperature-time graph of the substance is as shown below. At which portion is the substance absorbing latent heat?

Q58 Two substances X and Y are heated by identical heaters. The graph below shows the variation of temperature with time for the substances. If X and Y are of the same mass, which of the following statements is correct?

Q59 Two solids X and Y of identical mass are heated separately by heaters of equal power. The graphs below show the variation of their temperatures with time. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Q60 Liquid X and Y of the same mass and temperature are put into a refrigerator to cool down. The graph below shows the variation of the temperatures of the liquids with time. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Q61 The diagram below shows the apparatus used for finding the specific latent heat of vaporization of water. Which of the following factors will cause the result obtained to be smaller than the true value?

Q62 A kettle rated at 240 V 300 W was used to heat a liquid from 28 °C to 100 °C. The time it took to just boil 500 g of liquid was 8.4 minutes. What is the specific heat capacity of the liquid?

Q63 Two solids, X and Y, of equal masses are melted by heaters of same power ratings at the same time. The variation of their temperatures with time is given in the graph. Which of the following statements is/are true?

Q64 Which of the following is NOT a difference between boiling and evaporation?

Q65 Which of the following is a difference between boiling and evaporation?

Q66 The bulb of a thermometer is wrapped in a tube of cotton fabric. The fabric is dipped into water at room temperature. The thermometer is then removed and evaporation takes place. What happens to the thermometer reading?

Q67 On a hot day, the drink in a bottle can be kept cool by standing the bottle in a bowl of water and placing a wet cloth over it.

Q68 When a person climbs out of a warm swimming pool on a hot summer day, he feels cold. Why does this happen?

Q69 Why does the temperature of a liquid drop during evaporation?

Q69 explanation

Q70 What is caused by the thermal expansion of a substance when heated?

Q70 explanation

Q71 Which of the following will show most expansion?

Q71 explanation

Q72 What causes steel to expand when it is being heated?

SQ1 (part 1) Electric immersion heater

SQ1 (part 2) Electric immersion heater heat transfer

SQ1 (part 3) Electric immersion heater graph

SQ1 (part 4) Electric immersion heat capacity mass of water

SQ2 (part 1) Milk bottle reducing heat loss

SQ2 (part 2) Milk bottle time taken for heating

SQ3 (part 1) Specific heat capacity apparatus calculating heat capacity

SQ3 (part 2) Specific heat capacity apparatus rate of temperature increase

SQ4 Mercury-in-glass thermometer calibration and measurement

SQ5 (part 1) Dropping lead into water finding heat capacity

SQ5 (part 2) Dropping lead into water calculating final temperature [SHORTCUT]

SQ5 (part 2) Dropping lead into water calculating final temperature [THOROUGH METHOD]

SQ6 What is the temperature of Liquid X

SQ7 Fixed points

SQ8 Calibrating old thermometer

Q1 Use the thermal properties of matter to explain how steam can be more dangerous than boiling water even though both are at 100°C.

Q2 Why does the sea remain cooler than the land in warm weather?

Q3 Why do storage heaters contain bricks of high specific heat capacity?

Q4 Why is water used in many types of heat exchanger?

Q5 When we engage in exercise or strenuous physical work, the body temperature does not rise excessively. Explain.

Q6 (part 1) Specific latent heat of fusion of ice experiment choosing initial and final temperatures and determining the mass of ice

Q6 (part 2) Specific latent heat of fusion of ice experiment calculating the specific latent heat

Q7 A 500 watt electric drill is used to drill a hole in an aluminium block of mass 1 kg. If 80% of the energy used appears as heat in the metal, find the increase in temperature of the aluminium in 20 seconds.

Q8 A car of mass 1800 kg and moving at 25 m s-1 is brought to rest by the application of disc brakes. Find the average increase in temperature of the brakes if each of the four brakes has a mass of 4.5 kg.

Q9 The temperature of 100 g of water was raised from 20 °C to 40 °C in 10 minutes by a heating coil of resistance 5.0 ohms and carrying a current of 2.0 A. Calculate the amount of energy lost to the surroundings.

Q10 Water is being pumped through a central heating system at a rate of 1.15 m3 per hour. The temperature of the water leaving the boiler is 58.0 °C and the temperature of the water returning is 48.0 °C. Calculate the power output of the boiler

Q11 A refrigerator converts 1.3 kg of water at 20 °C into ice at -15 °C in 1 hour. Calculate the total heat removed and the effective power of the refrigerator

Q12 Why does it take so long for a domestic refrigerator to form ice-cubes from a tray of water?

Q13 Microwave oven

Q14 Specific latent heat of vaporisation of water experiment

Q15 (part 1) Ice heating graph explain where the energy is going in each section

Q15 (part 2) Ice heating graph calculating the mass of ice